ENSO-Blog_Jan-_22_2020Fig1_Polar-VortexMapLg.png

Illustration of the tropospheric and stratospheric polar vortexes across the Northern Hemisphere. The arrows show the direction of the atmospheric winds, which typically blow from west to east in the mid-latitudes. Schematic is by NOAA Climate.gov and is adapted from Waugh et al., 2017, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society.